Locking mechanism



March 20, 1956 J. A. TORNOE LOCKING MECHANISM 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 1, 1952 1N VEN TOR.

5 P F m W. WW W 3g March 20, 1956 I A. TORNQE 2,738,665

LOCKING MECHANISM Filed Dec. 1, 1952 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 4 FIG. 2

A32 57 i5 79 A 6 March 20, 1956 J. A. TORNOE LOCKING MECHANISM 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 1, 1952 INVEN TOR. .fa/m 4x54 Tom o:

wam f firrop/viys March 20, 1956 .1. A. TORNOE 2,738,666

LOCKING MECHANISM Filed Dec. 1, 1952 e Sheets-Sheet 4 m A -V 87 EWZL; A 29 36 mwl/ZVIAVI/II/I 54 55 I 3/ I INVENTOR.

m5 JOHN 4x54 720w! iTTOWifS J. A. TORNOE LOCKING MECHANISM March 2 0, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Deg. l, 1952 INVENTOR. fox/1v fixfl 750w:

Arram zrs J. A. TORNOE LOCKING MECHANISM March 20, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Dec. 1, 1952 INVENTOR. v .fafi/v 4x54 750 0:

Arnw/vins My invention relates primarily ;to do kicks n is especially coneerneci'wfi a hallways. In an installlatio'r'i of 'thisikind, the door' lock is preferably of a special nature iii. that it is desirable that the gu'ests key ser've's' torlock tli door from the outside knob or to lock the dom nan the inside k nob. Furthermore, in order that when llo'c'ke i the door will be what is known as panic proof, provision is preferably made so that thelockwill be releasable by the inside occupant. Also, it is advisable to afrangethe lock so that if it is locked from the inside, it cannot subsequently be opened from the outside with the guest key, but only by special means.

It is also advisable to havelontheoutside of the lock an indicator or indicators available to show thecondition of the lock, that is, whether or not it is locked from .the inside. An indicator for. indiatingwhe'ther' or not the lock is locked from the outside and applicable to the present construction is disclosed separately in my, co-

pending application entitled Lock Indicator, Se'rial Number 292,49l, filed June 9 1952, and assigned toQthe assignee of the present application. e

Furthermore, the locking" mechanism of my invention is especially concerned with a structure'which fulfills the] foregoing requirements and isiofo the general type 'dis closed in Walter RfSchlages Patents 2,366,934of January 9, 1945, and 2,339,725 of January 18, 1944.

It is an object of my invention to provide a locking mechanism effective for key operation on both the outer knob and the innerkno'b securely to lock a door with respect to its door frame.- 7

Another object of the invention is to provide a lock in which operation of the inner key serves to secure both the outer knob and the inner knob in lockedcondition.

A still further object of my invention is to-provide a locking mechanism in whichthe outer knob can be independently secured in locked condition.

A still further object of my inventionis to provide a lock in which, after the inner knob has been locked, it is not possible to unlock the outer knob by any ordinary means.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a locking mechanism in which the inner knob locking structure is subject to release readily by the room occupant even though previously in locked condition.

A still further object of, the invention is to provide a locking mechanism having an exterior indicator showing the condition of the lock.

A still further object of the invention is to provide means for preventing the operation of theireg'ular key in the outer knob when the locking mechanism has been locked from the inside.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a generally improved locking mechanism.

Another object of the invention is to provide a locking mechanism having all of the foregoing attributes in which all of the locking and indicating. structure is contained ock applicable. among other installations to use in Hotel rdcrns'cpening onto withinthe general compass of a lock actuator unit of the type disclosed in the mentioned Schlage patents.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a lockingmechanism having the mentioned attributes which is substantially interchangeable with standard lock actuating mechanisms of a less versatile kindi A still further object of my invention is generally tov transverse plane showing the locking mechanism of my invention with both the innerknob and the outer knob in unlocked condition.

Figure Zis a cross section showing substantially the same structure as disclosed in Figure 1 with portions being broken away to reduce the size of the figure, and the plane of the section being indicated by the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a cross section, the plane of which is indicated' by the line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a detailed cross section, the plane of which is indicated by the line 44 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a cross section in detail, the plane of section being indicated by the line 5-5 of Figure 1, the parts of the structure nearest the latch bolt or edge of the door being disposed atthe bottom of Figure 5.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5, the plane of section being indicated by the line 6-6 of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a View like Figure 5 but double in size, the plane of section, however, being onthe line 7-7 of Figure 1.

Figure 8 is a view positioned like Figure 5 but double in size, the plane of section being indicated by the line 88 of Figure 1.

Figure 9 is a view positioned like Figure 5 but double in size, the plane of section being indicated by the line 99 of Figure 1.

Figure 10 is a view showing many parts of the structure disclosed in Figure 1, most parts being in a position comparable to that shown in Figure 1 except that the parts are no longer in unlocked condition.

Figure 11 is a cross section, similar to Figure 5, the plane of section being indicated by the line 11--11 of Figure 10, and the parts being rotated as indicated by the arrow.

Figure 12 is a cross section similar to Figure 8, the plane of section being indicated by the line 12-12 of Figure 10, and the parts being rotated as indicated by thearrow.

Figure l3'is a cross section similar to Figure 9, the

plane of section being indicated by the line13-13 of Figure 10, the parts being rotated as indicated by the arrow.

Figure 14 is a cross section comparable to Figure 10 and to Figure 1 but showing the parts in a different location out of unlocked condition.

Figure 15 is a cross section similar to Figure 11, the plane of section being indicated by the line 1515 of Figure 14, the parts being rotated as indicated by the arrow.

Figure 16 is a cross section comparable to Figure 12, the plane of section being indicated by the line 1616 of Figure 14, and the parts being rotated as indicated by the arrow.

Figure 17 is a cross section comparable to Figure 13,

Patented Mar. 20, 1956 of Figure 14, and the parts being rotated as indicated by the arrow.

Figure 18 is a detail showing schematically and partly in cross section the outside knob of the locking mechanism with its interior structure and the shut out structure.

Figure 19 is a view somewhat comparable to Figure 18 and shows the use of a special key to overcome the shut out feature.

Figure 20 is a cross section comparable to Figures 1, 10 and 14 and shows the locking mechanism in a still different position.

Figure 21 is a cross section similar to Figure 16, the parts being rotated as indicated by the arrow.

Figure 22 is a view similar to Figure 17, the parts being rotated as indicated by the arrow.

Figure 23 is a view similar to Figure 2l, the parts being rotated as indicated by the arrow.

Figure 24 is a view similar to Figure 22, the parts being rotated as indicated by the arrow.

Figure 25 is an exploded view showing in perspective some of the exterior aspects of a locking mechanism constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 26 is an exploded view of some of the interior parts of a locking mechanism in accordance with my invention.

Figure 27 is an exploded view to an enlarged scale of one of the subassemblies disclosed in Figure 26.

Figure 28 is a perspective view to an enlarged scale comparable to that of Figure 27 showing one of the parts of my locking mechanism disclosed in Figure 26.

In the usual installation, especially as shown in Figure 1, the locking mechanism is incorporated in the body of a swinging door panel 6 mounted to move with respect to a door frame or jamb 7 located so that the side 8 is the exterior and the side 9 is the interior. Disposed in the door is a latch bolt unit 11 of a standard sort actuated by means of an actuator bar 12 (Figure 3) reciprocably mounted in the housing of the latch bolt unit. In accordance with the invention. the door panel 6 is provided with a through bore 13 in which is disposed an actuator unit, generally designated 14, inclusive of the locking mechanism of my invention. The actuator unit 14 is intended for the usual connection with the standard latch bolt unit 11 and is situated within the cross bore 13 in the usual way. Included in the actuator unit is a circular cylindrical housing 16 which interengages with appropriate terminals 17 and 18 on the latch bolt unit 11. Within the housing 16 is mounted a framework 19 carrying a slide 21 disposed for reciprocation thereon, there being springs 22 for urging the slide 21 into one extreme or projected position. The slide 21 includes a pair of jaws 23 and 24 interengaging with the actuator bar 12 so that sliding movement of the slide 21 is accompanied by similar movement of the actuator bar.

In order that the slide 21 can be appropriately moved from its projected or neutral position in which it is normally retained by the urgency of the springs 22, suitable actuating mechanisms are provided for operation individually from the outside of the door and from the inside of the door.

As part of the actuating mechanism, the framework 19 is extended on opposite sides by means of an inner hub 26 and an outer hub 27, both being firmly fixed with respect to the framework 19 and being in alignment with each other on a generally transverse axis 28 normal or perpendicular to the central plane of the door 6. Journallecl within the outer hub 27 and mounted for rotation with respect thereto about the axis 28 is an outer spindle 29. This is preferably a tubular member formed of a rolled up sheet and is provided, within the frame work 19, with a roll back segment 31. This is of a shape and disposition to abut against a roll back plate 32 secured to and forming part of the exposed structure of the slide 21. The arrangement is such that when the spindle 29 is rotated in either direction from its central or neutral position, the slide 21 is correspondingly translated and retracts the actuator bar 12.

In order that the outer spindle 29 can be readily rotated, it is extended to carry an outer knob 33. A transverse plate 34 is engaged nonrotatably with the outer spindle 29 and projects into a key way in the structure of the knob 33, being impelled into a projected position by a rod spring 36 mounted in recesses in the wall of the outer spindle 29 (Figure 1). The transverse plate 34 is not entirely relied upon to transmit torque between the outer spindle 29 and the outer knob 33. Rather, the knob itselfserves as a mounting for a lock cylinder unit including a cylinder body 38 having a tumbler extension 39 thereon which extends into a suitable recess eccentrically formed in the outer knob 33 and which also passes through a receiving slot 41 in the outer spindle 29 (Figure 25). 7

Within the lock cylinder unit, a cylinder plug 42 is mounted for rotation about the axis 28. Especially as shown in Figure 18, the cylinder plug 42 is provided with transverse tumblers 43cooperating with the interior construction of the extension 39 to afford the customary pin tumbler cylindrical combination lock. When the tumblers 43 are out of shearing position, the cylinder plug 42 is not rotatable with respect to the cylinder body 38. When the tumblers are in shearing position, the cylinder plug is freely rotatable with respect to the cylinder body. The cylinder body in turn is prevented from rotation relative to the knob inasmuch as the extension 39 extends through the slot in the outer spindle into interengagement with the material of the knob itself. This supplements the interconnection of the knob and spindle etfectuated by the transverse plate 34. The knob and spindle structure is also kept in position with respect to the door 6 by a surrounding escutcheon plate 44 abutting the outside face of the door panel 6 and in engagement with threads 46 on the exterior of the outer hub 27 (Figure 1). The detailed construction of the escutcheon and adjoining parts is not described minutely since they are all disclosed in prior patents and are not essential to the practice of the present invention.

As so far described, the outer spindle is freely rotatable in conformity with the rotation of the knob 33 with respect to the frame 19. In order to secure the spindle and knob against rotation relative to the frame and thus to lock the exterior knob, advantage is taken of the relative rotation between the cylinder plug 42 and the cylinder body 38. For this reason, the outer plug 42 is provided with a recess 47 in which is situated a spindle blade 48 of generally rectangular cross section and having a strengthening enlargement 49 (Figure 1). A driving plate 51 positions the blade 48 and is itself retained by a cylinder cap 52 secured in a position in any suitable fashion, the assemblage being such that the spindle blade 48 rotates in unison with the rotation of the outer cylinder plug 42 (Figure 1).

The blade 48 extends through a suitable aperture in the transverse plate 34 and extends through an incomplete or non-circular aperture 53 in one end of an outer cam sleeve 54 disposed coaxially with the axis 28 and positioned between the transverse plate 34 and a locking ring 50. The cam sleeve 54 is freely rotatable with respect to the outer spindle 29 within which it is seated.

As shown particularly in Figure 2, an outer cam pin 56 passes through a cam opening 55 in the outer cam sleeve 54 and is also received in a longitudinal slot 57 formed in the body of the outer spindle 29. The cam pin 56 is fast in a tube 58 nested within the cam sleeve 54. At one end the tube 58 has a reduced collar 59 leaving a shoulder against which a coiled spring 61 rests. The other end of the coiled spring is pressed against the 1 end plate 62 of the cam sleeve 54. The opposite end of the tube 58 is provided with an enlarged guiding flange 63 against which rests a locking plate 64. This plate is flange 63except that for a portion dfitsperipriery extended to' provide a projection'66 (Figure l); A slot 67 out into the central portion of the outer hub27 slid-- ably receives the projection 66, o oo o I H To secure the plate 64in position for rotation relat ve to' the tube 58, I provide a retainingtube 69 having a flange 71 at one end and having a tight pressed fit within,

the tube but loose Within the plate so that although the tube 58 itself rotates with respect to 'the cam' sleeve 54, the p'rojection66 is not rotatable with respect to the hub 2'7'but is translatable with respect thereto. Translation is accomplished upon rotation'of' the cylinder plug 42- with respect to the cylinder body 38; Rotation of the" blade 48' occurs fre'ely until such time as the blade contacts the" walls of the non cir'cula'r aperture53 inthecam sleeve 54. When that occurs, the cam sleeve 54 is rotated in unison with the further rotation of the blade 48- and displaces the walls of the cam opening 55.

The rotation of the "can't sleeve relative to the cam pin 56 which is translatahle but nonrot'atable relat ive'to the outer spindle becauseof its bearing in the slot 57 is then efle'c'tive to translate the pin and its attached sleeve 58 toward the left in Figure 1 oro'u'twa'rdly in order to compress the spring 61. This simultaneously trian slatesthe locking plate 64 and translates the extension 66' Withi'ri the slot 67 Ultimately, the extension 66 is drawn into the converging entrance of a locking slot 68ci1t ineneen of the outer spindle 2?. When the parts are in thisposh tion, the extension 66 lying both withiii the walls of the slot- 67 and within the walls of the slot 681 prevents relative rotation of the outer spindle with respect to the outer hub and consequently. prevents rotation of the outer knob 33'. Sin'cej the' spindle cannot be rotated and the roll back them ber 31 cannot therefore be rotated either, it is considered that the outer knob is' locked and the lock set as awhole is locked from the outsidev o o v Upon reverse relative rotation of the cylinder 'plug relative to the, cylinderbody, there' isat firstsorne lost motion as the blade 48"turns within the non-circular opening 53' but ultimately retation is also imparted to the cam sleeve 54. This again rotates the wall s of the cam opening 55 relative to" the pin 56 which is" than trans:

lated to its original position due to the expansiveenergy of the spring 61. The conformation of the cam opening 55 is such that there is lost motion between the walls of the sleeve and the pinon the return stroke. The'actu'al impetus of translating the member 58 comes frorri'the spring 61 and causes the pin 56 to followthe innermost surface of the cam Wall. The inward translation of the sleeve member 53 eventually moves the extension 66' out of contact with the Wallsot the slot 68 and restores it to its original position as shown inhigure 1. It is then considered that the outer knob is unlocked with respect to the latch bolt mechanism 11.

If desired, an indicator can be provided within the outer hubmechanism to show the locked or unlocked condition of the outer knob. A suitable device is disclosed in my copending application, above identified.

The mechanism as so far described serves primarily as an independent means of locking the outside knob With respect to the door frame and precludes eXte'ri'oroperation of the latch bolt mechanism 11 when the outer knob or actuator is so locked. The usual means of operating the cylinder plug is a suitably contoured key 72 shown par tially in position inv Figure 18. A proper key, after introduction into the outer cylinder plug, can be rotated to lock the outer knob, and can be withdrawn. Also, a proper key can be inserted and counter-rotated to unlock the outer knob and can be Withdrawn to leave the lock in its original unlocked condition. When it is locked, the outer knob is nonrotatable with respect to the door but when it is unlocked it is freely rotatable in either direction from its neutralposition to op'erate the roll back mechanism towithdr'a'w the latch belt.

6'6 in locking the outer knob 33.

similar structure' for operation on the inside of the door 6, (Figure l). Partswhieh' are not specifically described in connection with the inner knob environment are duplicares substantially of comparable parts in the outer knob environment. Mounted-to rotate within the inner hub 26 and in concentric alignment with the axis 28'is an inner tubular spindle 81 having appropriate roll back mechanism 82 on its inner end to cooperate with: the slide projections 32. The outer end of the'spindle is provided with a knob 83 held in position by atransverse slide plate 84 and finished by meansof an escutcheon 86 surrounding the hub 26 and abutting the inside of the door 6. The inner spindle 81, being fastened by the plate 84 to the knob 83, rotates simultaneously therewith. Additional rotary interconnection is'attorded by an inner cylinder body 87 having an extension for the tumbler mecha-- nism which projects eccentrically into the interior body of the knob SB'th'rough a slot provided in the inner spindle 81 tor-thatp'urposc.

Disposed Within the inner cylinder body 87 is an inner cylinder plug 88 comparable in construction to the in-' to receive a similar key. The construction is such that when the appropriate key is utilized the cylinder plug 88 is rotatable with respect to the cylinder body 87. The inner cylinder plug 88 is held against longitudinal displacement by an outer flange 89 which abuts the inner cylinder body 87. Also abutting the body 87 is a cylind'e'r cap 91 engaging and rotating with the inner end of the inner cylinder plug 88. The cylinder cap 91 also secures in position a drivingplate 92 nonr'otatably associated with a key blade 93 rotatable about the axis 28 simultaneously with the rotation of the cylinder plug 83. An enlarged circular aperture 94 is attdrded in the trans verse locking plate 84 so as not to' interfere with the rota-' tion of the key blade93.

Additionally surrounding the blade 93is a substantially conforming aperture 96 in the'end plate 97 of an inner cam sleeve 98. This latter is rotatably mounted within the inner spindle 81 but is held against endwise motion. At one end, the inner cam sleeve abuts the plate 84 and at the othe'r end abuts a locking ring 99. The cam sleeve 98 is provided with is substantially helical c'a'm opening 1'01 therein accommodating a pin 102' which also extends into a longitudinal slot 103 cut in the tubular spindle 81. The pin 102 is firmly mounted in a sleeve member 194 identical with the member 53 and carryinga flange 109 at its innermostend.

The flange abuts against a disc 111 which is generally circular except for? an extension 112 (Figure 4) passing into" a" longitudinal slot 113 in the inner hub 26. The disc 111 is held r'ot'at'ab'ly against the flange 109 on the enlarged end 114 of a tube 115 pressed into the interior of the sleeve member 104 and serves as an anchor for 1-12) is o therefore kept from rotation with respect to the inner hub 26 and- When longitudinally or axially translated; is received in the converging end of a slot 116 ,formed in the inner end of the inner spindle 81.

With this arrangement, when the extension 112 is translated from right to left as seen in Figure 1 of the drawings, the spindle is locked against the hub 26 so that the inner knob is in locked condition. This is the same direction of translation taken by the extension That is, both the inner and the outer knobs are locked when their locking mechanismstra nslate fior'n the inside of the lock unit toward the outside thereof or from right to left in Figures 1 and 2, for example. When the extension 112 is in its innermost locked position, the roll back structure cannot be effective against the slide 21 and the latch bolt unit cannot be actuated because the knob 83 cannot be turned.

I Direct c'ani engagement between the cam sleeve 98 and the pm 1 02 serves to frafislate the extension 112 inwardly the rotatable mounting of the disc 111. The extension to lock the inner spindle and the reverse operation is employed to unlock the inner spindle unit. This is in eontradistinction to the outer spindle unit wherein a spring 61 is utilized for the unlocking operation. In the case of the inner spindle unit, the contour of the cam groove 101 is such that a reverse rotation of the cylinder plug 88 causes a translation of the pin and correspondingly of the extension 112 from the locked position to the unlocked position. The cylinder plug 88 is designed for the reception of a key like the key 72 (in most cases identical with it) so that upon manipulation of a key in the inner cylinder plug 38 the inner door knob is locked and upon reverse rotation of the key the inner door knob is unlocked.

So that a key in the inner knob 83 cannot be removed unless the door is unlocked, I provided that the rotation of the cylinder plug 88 in the lock body 37 is something less than a complete rotation. The key does not return to its starting poistion when the lock is locked but rather is stopped in an intermediate position and therefore cannot, in accordance with the customary operation of the tumblers, be withdrawn. After the key and the cylinder plug 88 are restored to their original unlocked position the key can be withdrawn easily.

In accordance with my invention I provide means so that when the inner knob 83 is locked the outer knob 33 is also locked and I further provide means for then shutting out a key from the outer cylinder. Once locked from the inside, the locking mechanism cannot be unlocked with the regular key from the outside, nor can the latch unit be actuated by the regular key from the outside. For that reason I dispose within the tube 115 a plunger 121 which at its inner end is provided with a slot 122 (Figure 2) to receive the. end of the blade 93. The plunger 121 otherwise is a circular cylindrical member which fits easily within the inside of the tube 115. A collar 123 is formed on the plunger and rests against the inner end of the tube 115. However, the plunger 121 is otherwise rather freely slidable in the direction of the concentric axis 23. The opposite end of the plunger 121 is finished in a terminal rod 124 closely adjacent the innermost end of the blade 48.

Surrounding the plunger 121 is a plunger sleeve 126 having a shoulder 127 abutting the innermost end of the tube 69 and then extending within such tube to serve as a support for the terminal rod 124. An expansion spring 128 is interposed between an inturned collar 130 on the plunger sleeve and a shoulder 131 on the plunger 121 so that the sleeve 126 and the plunger 121 are normally urged apart. The sleeve 126 at its outermost end is provided with a transverse slot 132 receiving theinnermost end of the blade 48. In this fashion the blade and the sleeve 126 are connected together against relative rotation just as the plunger 121 is connected to the blade 93 against relative rotation.

During the initial part of the rotation of the inner cylinder plug 88 with respect to the inner key body 87, in addition to the other functions described, the plunger 121 is simultaneously rotated. Also, since the collar 123 is in close abutment with the end of the tube 115 the collar 123 causes a simultaneous translation of the plunger 121 with the tube. The combined rotation and translation so imparted to the plunger 121 moves a projecting button 136 radially disposed in the plunger 121 from its position shown in Figure 1 into a position in which it cams against and rides along a collar cam 137 formed on the inner end of the plunger sleeve 126.

At an appropriate point in its rotation and translation, the button 136 rides into a summit depression 138 in the collar cam which theretofore has been held against rotation by the stationary outer knob 33. During this time some axial displacement of the plunger sleeve 126 takes place since the tube 58 can yield against the urgency of the spring 61 and snap back slightly as the button 136 seats in the depression 138. As the button 136 rides 8 against the cam collar 137 it translates the plunger sleeve 126 toward the left in Figure 1 so that the shoulder 127 begins also to translate the tube 69 and to commence the entry of the projection 66 into the locking slot 68. There is some rotational force exerted on the plunger sleeve 126 by the button 136 but the plunger sleeve 126 is kept from rotation since its slotted end is in engagement with the blade 48 itself confined in the slot 53 held in the outer knob spindle 29 centralized by the springs 22.

In this fashion, when the inner cylinder plug 88 is rotated through a partial revolution the plunger 121 is rotated and translated and produces a simultaneous translation of the plunger sleeve 126. This then moves or translates the locking extension 66 so that the outer knob 33 is locked simultaneously with the locking of the inner knob. The motion of the locking disc 66 carries the cam sleeve 58 with it but since the contour of the cam groove 57 is such as to afford a lost motion in connection with the pin 56, there is no hindrance to the locking translation of the cam sleeve itself.

Motion of the terminus 124 of the plunger 121 causes it quickly to abut the blade 48 and also to translate the blade with respect to its mounting disc 51 through the aperture 53. Since the blade is not otherwise confined it can translate freely within the cavity 47 provided for that purpose.

Inside the cavity and in the path of the blade 48 is a foot 141 fastened on an indicator rod 142 slidably mounted in a bore 143 in the outer cylinder plug 42. A coil spring 144 is interposed between a shoulder at the bottom of a counterbore and the foot 141. Normally the length and position of the indicator rod 142 are such that it is exactly flush with the face 145 of the outer cylinder plug when the lock is in unlocked condition. However, when the lock is moving into locked condition, the translation of the blade 48 causes it to abut and simultaneously translate the foot 141. This compresses the spring 144 and moves the rod 142 into a projected position. Thus, when the locking mechanism has been put in locked condition by a key operation of the inner cylinder plug 88, the indicator or projected rod 142 clearly displays that fact by the difference in elevation between the extended end of the rod 142 and the adjacent face 145.

Since the locking extension 66 for the outer knob is put in locked position by the simultaneous or substantially simultaneous locking movement of the inner structure, the entire lock set is locked .both on the inside and on the outside. If the outer cylinder plug 42 is subsequently rotated toward locked position by the introduction and rotation of a special key, it affords a partial movement of the plunger sleeve 126 but primarily serves to rotate the cam sleeve 54 in such a way that the walls of the opening 55 again abut the pin 56. A subsequent unlocking motion of the special key in the outer cylinder plug 42 then restores the plunger sleeve 126 and the cam sleeve 54 to the previous location but since there is lost motion in the cam opening contour 55 the pin 56 is simply left behind and the spring 61 remains compressed pending release.

Release of compression of the spring 61 normally takes place by a rotation of the inner key in the inner cylinder plug 88 in the opposite direction from the locking rotation. When that occurs the retraction of the extension 112 is accomplished as before, and the spring 61 is effective to urge the translation of the projection 66 into its own unlocked condition. At the same time the plunger sleeve 126 is urged back to its former location by abutment of the tube 69 against the shoulder 127 and the spring 128 assists in separating the button 136 from the summit notch 138 in the collar cam 137 as the parts are separated. The spring 144 also serves to restore the foot 141 to its innermost position and to retract the indicator rod 142 into a flush condition. The blade 48 is also restored to the same position that it occupied previously.

In many installations, it is preferred that when the inner end of the keyhole or key channel 151, especially as shown in Figure 14 and in Figure 18. Thus, when the regular key 71-is introduced into the keyhole 151 it cannot enter full-y since it encounters the obstructing foot 141. The foot is held by a non-yielding mechanical train so that it is impossible for the key 71 to be introduced far enough to actuate thetumblers 43. Even the usual key, threfore, is shut outand will not serve to unlock the lockingmechanism when it is held in locked position from the inside.

ltispr'eferred, although the shut out feature is incorporated in the locking mechanism so that the outer knob 33 cannot be, rotated when the lock is locked from thCLiIlSldC and so that even the regular key 72 cannot be utilized to unlock the lock from the outside, that in emerguides the locking. mechanism can still be unlocked from the outside eventhough it is in locked condition as determined by the inner cylinder plug and even though the inner key is held in theinner cylinder plug.

This is particularly accomplished, especially as shown inFigure 19, by the provision of a special key 152. This is identicalwiththe key 72 so far as its contour to actuate the tumblers 43 is concerned, but it is curtailed or shortenedor cutoff on its forward portion to provide a-forwardfiat 153 (Figure 19) just short of abutment with the projected foot 141 when the key is in position to actuate the tumblers 43. Whenthe key. 152 is properly in-positiomthe tumblers 43 are actuated so that there is no-restriction upon the rotation of the outer cylinder plug 42. The locking direction of rotation of both the inner cylinder plug 88 and the outer cylinder plug 42 is the same; preferably withthetop of thekey turning toward the-'jarnb 7 :f rom e'ither side of the door. Stated diiferen'tl'y, a user. standing and looking at the inner knob 83 rotates'his key counterclockwise for .a locking operation whereasa user standingon the outside and looking at the outer knob 33 rotates: his" key clockwise to lock the door.

When the key 152 is'rot'ated, itcauses a corresponding rotationof theblade 48 which then also causes rotation ofthe' plungensleeve 126. This rotation of the sleeve 1 26' is not accompanied by any particular translation thereof until such time as the sleeve is rotated sufliciently to disengage thecam notch- 138 from the button 136' and toro'tate' the collar cam 137 so that there is substantial endwise' clearance between the collar cam and the button 1 36. When suchclearance is available, or as it becomes available, the effectof the spring 61 is to urge the inner lock sleeve 58 toward unlocked position to withdraw the extension-66=from=the' notch 68. Also, the translational Inevementer the tube 69 in abutment with the shoulder 127 translates the plunger sleeve 126 toward the right "iiist the urgency of the spring128 until such time as the ollar (mm 137' is again nearly in abutment with the butt'on'13'6. The collapse of the plunger sleeve with respect'tothe plunger-affects the position of a spring pressed detent'1 56-with respect to a slot 157 in the plunger sleeve 126-.

As -shown for example in Figures 9 and 27, the plunger 12 1 is provided with across bore 158 within which a piston'159' forming the body of the detent 156-is reciprocable; A spring 161 is nested within the piston and seatsagainst an inturned flange 162 at the terminus of the bore-158; An indentation 163 in the path of a cutout 164 0n the piston precludes dislodgement of the piston from the bore 158 and limits its reciprocating travel. The piston 159 is finished in the shape of a detent cone 166, interrupted by the cutout 164, but otherwise of a this fact by projection of 10 shape and configuration to cooperate with the generally chordal walls of the aperture 157.

As shown particularly in Figures 18 and 19, the shape of the aperture 157 is approximately that of an L, the major portion extending in an axial direction while there is an additional side or circumferential portion 169. v The relationship of these surfaces is Such, particularly as shown in Figures 9 and 13, that when the detent piston 159 is fully extended it is in a position, when the plunger sleeve 126 is rotated counterclockwise (in Figure 22) with respect to the plunger 121, to be camrned radially inward hy'the' adjacent aperture wall to permit continued relativerotation of the plungerand sleeve in that directi'on. When the plunger sleeve 126 is rotated in the opposite directio'rr (clockwise in Figure 24) with respect to the plunger 121, then the flat radial face of the cutout portion 164 is abutted by the chordal wall of the aperture 157 and precludes further rotation of the plunger W relative to the plunger sleeve.

In effect, therefore, the piston detent 156 and its associated parts constitute a uni-directional overrunning clutch. That is, the plunger 121 is freely rotatable in an indefinite amount with respect to its encompassing sleeve 126 in one direction of relative rotation but in the opposite direction of relative rotation the detent plunger 156 serves to lock the plunger and the plunger sleeve together in properlyoriented relationship so that they then turn in unison or are securely clutched together. That is the situation when the plunger and the plunger sleeve are in their shorter relatively collapsed position with the piston detent 1 56 and cone' 166 occupying a location in the longitudinal portion of the aperture 157.

When the plunger and plunger sleeve are spaced in their relatively long or farthest apart or extended positions, forexarnple as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 13, then the code 166 is able to cam against the bordering wall of the aperture 157 during counterclockwise (Figure 13).rotation of the plunger with respect to the outer plunger sleeve. The detent therefore does not preclude the relative rotation in that direction. The extension 169 of the L-shaped aperture 157 is sutficiently offset itself to serve as a cam surface even against the cutout face 164.

' therefore does not act as a clutch.

such that when the plunger and the plunger sleeve are,

Thus, asshowr'i in' Figures 9 and 13 when the plunger e 121 is rotated counterclockwise relative to the surrounding plunger sleeve, the fiat face of the cutout 164 of the cone 166, cams within the plunger sleeve. It does not lock and does not serve to preclude rotation and The situation is in; their relatively extended position, they are not coupled together by the detent for rotation in any way. In other words, they are unclutched or declutched, and do' not transmit rotation to each other through the detent. However, when the plunger and the plunger sleeve are in their relatively retracted position, for example as shown in Figure 20, then the piston detent and the corresponding portion of the aperture 157 serve to clutch the plunger and plunger sleeve together for rotation in one direction only, but to overrun in' the opposite direction without transmitting rotation.

Consequently, when the key 152 has initiated an unlock ing motion .and has revolved the blade 43 and has correspondingly revolved the plunger sleeve 126 and, after the spring 61' has served to move the plunger sleeve into a collapsed condition with respect to the plunger, the detent piston 159 is in a position so that the flat face of the cutout portion 164 of the cone 166 abuts the narrow portion of the aperture 157 and serves as a unidirectional clutch. The" continued rotation of the plunger sleeve 126 is accompanied by rotation of the plunger 121 in unison therewith and driving force is exerted through the detent 156.

When the plunger 121 is revolved, it rotates the blade 93 of the inner cylinder and rotates the inner cylinder plug 88 with respect to the inner cylinder body 87,

rotating the inner key correspondingly, and serving also to rotate the inner cam sleeve 98. This action serves to withdraw the extension plate so that the extension 112 is withdrawn from the locking notch 116 and the inner cylinder therefore is unlocked. At the same time, the withdrawal or unlocking translation of the plate 64 is accompanied by a withdrawal of the plunger 121 under the urgency of the spring 61. This serves to translate the projection 66 of the locking plate 64 from the locking slot 68 and the locking mechanism is thus completely restored to its unlocked condition. This includes, of course, the return and release of the blade 48 from its shutout position and the retraction of the indicator rod 142 into the outer cylinder plug 42. The inner key plug is restored to its normal position so that the inner key can be withdrawn and the entire structure is back in its original situation.

According to the present disclosure, therefore, there has been provided a locking mechanism particularly designed for hotels and the like, in which there are two locking instrumentalities, or cylinders, an inner one and an outer one, assembled on a door. The outer cylinder can be locked and unlocked from the outside with an appropriate key such as a guest key. It does not affect the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder can be locked and unlocked from the inside by means of a guest key and serves also to lock and unlock the outer lock. Additionally, the inner key cannot be withdrawn when the lock is in locked condition. Furthermore, the locking of the inner cylinder serves to provide an indication of the condition of the lock observable from a vantage point adjacent the outer cylinder. Even further, the locking of the inner cylinder serves to shut out or prevent the introduction of a normal guest key for regularly operating the outer cylinder. In addition to that, the locking mechanism, even though locked from the inside can be unlocked from the outside by the use of a special, short key. The special key operates to unlock the inside cylinder, to unlock the outside cylinder, to withdraw the indicator mechanism, and to withdraw the shutout mechanism, thereby restoring the entire locking mecha: nism to its normal unlocked condition, in which rotation of either of the knobs in either direction from neutral position serves freely to actuate the latch bolt.

I claim:

1. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, a retractor movable on said frame, inner and outer hubs projecting from said frame, an inner spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said inner hub, an outer spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said outer hub, roll backs on said spindles engageable with said retractor to move said retractor upon rotation of either of said spindles, first means movable into interengagement with said outer spindle and said outer hub to prevent relative rotation thereof, second means movable into intcrengagement with said inner spindle and said inner hub to prevent relative rotation thereof, an inner key plug mounted on said inner spindle for rotation relative thereto, and means responsive to relative rotation between said inner key plug and said inner spindle for moving both said first means into interengagement with said outer spindle and said outer hub and said second means into interengagement with said inner spindle and said inner hub.

2. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, inner and outer hubs projecting from said frame, an inner spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said inner hub, an outer spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said outer hub, first means movable into interengagement with said outer spindle and said outer hub to prevent relative rotation thereof, second means movable into interengagement with said inner spindle and said inner hub to prevent relative rotation thereof, an inner key plug mounted on said inner spindle for rotation relative thereto, and means operated by relative rotation of said inner key plug relative to said inner spindle for moving said first means into interengagement with said outer spindle and said outer hub and said second means into interengagement with said inner spindle and said inner hub.

3. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, inner and outer hubs projecting from said frame, an inner spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said inner hub, an outer spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said outer hub, first means for preventing relative rotation of said outer spindle and said outer hub, second means for preventing relative rotation of said inner spindle and said inner hub, an inner key plug mounted in said inner spindle for rotation relative thereto, and means responsive to said relative rotation of said inner key plug relative to said inner spindle for rendering said first means and said second means ineffective.

4. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, inner and outer hubs projecting from said frame, an inner spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said inner hub, an inner spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said inner hub, an outer spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said outer hub, a first member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said outer spindle and said outer hub, an outer key plug mounted in said outer spindle for rotation relative thereto, a first lost-motion connection between said outer plug and said first member for translating said first member into said position upon relative rotation between said outer key plug and said outer spindie, a second member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said inner spindle and said inner hub, and inner key plug mounted in said inner spindle for rotation relative thereto, a second connection between said inner key plug and said second member for translating said second member into said position upon relative rotation between said inner key plug and said inner spindle, and means for connecting said first member and said second member for simultaneous translation.

5. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, inner and outer hubs projecting from said frame, an inner spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said inner hub, an outer spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said outer hub, a first member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said outer spindle and said outer hub, an outer key plug mounted in said outer spindle for rotation relative thereto, a first lost-motion connection between said outer plug and said first member for translating said first memher into said position upon relative rotation between said outer key plug and said outer spindle, a second member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said inner spindle and said inner hub, an inner key plug mounted in said inner spindle for rotation relative thereto, a second connection between said inner key plug and said second member for translating said second member into said position upon relative rotation between said inner key plug and said inner spindle, and a lost-motion means for connecting said first member and said second member for simultaneous translation.

6. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, inner and outer hubs projecting from said frame, an inner spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said inner hub, an outer spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said outer hub, a first member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said outer spindle and said outer hub, an outer key plug mounted in said outer spindle for rotation relative thereto, a second member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said inner spindle and said inner hub, an inner key plug mounted in said inner spindle for rotation relative thereto, a connection between said inner key plug and said inner spindle, means for translating said first member in unison with said second member, and means 13 connecting said inner and outer key plugs for rotation together when a key is in said inner key plug.

7. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, inner and outer hubs projecting from said frame, an inner spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said inner hub, an outer spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said outer hub, a first member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said outer spindle and said outer hub, an outer key plug mounted in said outer spindle for rotation relative thereto, a second member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said inner spindle and said inner hub, an inner key plug mounted in saidinner spindle for rotation relative thereto, a connection between said inner key plug and said second member for translating said second member upon relative rotation between said inner key plug and said inner spindle, means for translating said first member in unison with said second member, and means for rotating said inner and outer plugs together in one direction when a key is in said inner key plug.

8. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, an outer spindle rotatable with respect to said frame, an outer key plug rotatable with respect to said outer spindle, an inner spindle rotatable with respect to said frame, an inner key plug rotatable with respect to said inner spindle, and means responsive to relative rotation between said outer key plug and said outerspindle for rotating said inner key plug relative to said inner spindle when a key is in said inner key plug, said responsive means including a unidirectional overrunning clutch precluding the transmission of rotational efiort from said inner plug to said outer plug.

9. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, an outer spindle rotatable with respect to said frame, an outer key plug rotatable with respect to said outer spindle, an inner spindle rotatable with respect to said frame, an inner key plug rotatable with respect to said inner spindle, and means responsive to relative rotation between .said outer key plug and said outer spindle for producing rotation between said inner key plug and said .inner spindle when a key is in said inner key plug, said responsive means including a disconnecting clutch in a disconnected position precluding the transmission of rotation eflfort from said outer plug to said inner plug when said inner plug is in unlocked position.

10. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, an outer spindle rotatable with respect to said frame, an outer key plug rotatable with respect to said outer spindle, an inner spindle rotatable with respect to said frame, an inner key plug rotatable with respect to said inner spindle, and means responsive to relative rotation between said outer key plug and said outer spindle for producing rotation between said inner key plug and said inner spindle when a key is in said inner key plug, said responsive means including mechanism shiftable between two relationships, in one relationship serving as a unidirectional overrunning clutch when said inner plug is in locked position and in the other relationship serving as a disconnecting clutch when said inner plug is in unlocked position.

11. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, inner and outer hubs on said frame, an inner spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said inner hub, an outer spindle journalled in and rotatable with respect to said outer hub, a first member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said outer spindle and said outer hub, an outer key plug mounted in said outer spindle for rotation relative thereto, a second member translatable into and out of a position preventing relative rotation between said inner spindle and said inner hub, an inner key plug mounted in said inner spindle for rotation relative thereto, means responsive to relative rotation between said outer key plug and said outer spindle for producing rotation between said inner key plug and said inner spindle when a key is in said inner key plug, a normally disengaged clutch included in said responsive means, and a connection between said inner key plug and said second member for translating said second member into said position and for engaging said clutch upon relative rotation between said inner key plug and said inner spindle.

12. A locking mechanism comprising a frame, inner and outer spindles on opposite sides of said frame and independently rotatable relative thereto, inner and outer key plugs carried by said inner and outer spindles respectively and rotatable relative thereto, first locking means actuated by rotation of said outer plug relative to said outer spindle for locking said outer spindle relative to said frame and second locking means actuated by rotation of said inner plug relative to said inner spindle for locking said outer spindle relative to said frame said second locking means including a member movable toward said outer key plug and a blocking element actuated by said member for blocking said outer key plug against insertion of a conventional key therein.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,079,138 Manning Nov. 18, 1913 1,395,414 Hufiman Nov. 1, 1921 2,293,856 Schlage Aug. 25, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS 43,869 France June 18, 1934 125,152 Austria Oct. 26, 1931 

